Please click here to check who's online and chat with them.

Find Verified Feldspar Suppliers, Manufacturers and Wholesalers

GOLD PLUS Member
Apr-05-23
Supplier From Beawar, Rajasthan, India
 Inquire Now  
Feldspar is by far the most abundant group of minerals in the earth's crust, forming about 60% of terrestrial rocks. Most deposits offer sodium feldspar as well as potassium feldspar and mixed feldspars. Feldspars are primarily used in industrial applications for their alumina and alkali content. The term feldspar encompasses a whole range of materials.
GOLD PLUS Member
Apr-05-23
Supplier From Beawar, Rajasthan, India
 Inquire Now  
Feldspar is by far the most abundant group of minerals in the earth's crust, forming about 60% of terrestrial rocks. Most deposits offer sodium feldspar as well as potassium feldspar and mixed feldspars. Feldspars are primarily used in industrial applications for their alumina and alkali content. The term feldspar encompasses a whole range of materials.


Sodium feldspar is commonly used in Ceramic and Glass industries. Kiran Minerals is a market leader in the mining and processing of feldspar in Rajasthan (India), supplying high-quality products to the market
GOLD Member
May-03-24
Supplier From Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
 Inquire Now  
Feldspar comprises of different minerals like potassium, aluminium, calcium and silicates. It is one of the most important ingredients in all types
GOLD Member
Dec-28-24
Supplier From Bhilwara, Rajasthan, India
 Inquire Now  
Feldspar Potash, also known as Potassium Feldspar or K-Feldspar, is a group of rock-forming minerals that are primarily composed of potassium, aluminum, silicon, and oxygen. Feldspar Potash and Sodium Feldspar is used in Ceramics and Pottery, Glass Manufacturing, Aluminum Production, Production of Potassium Chemicals, Foundry Applications, Landscaping and Decorative Stones, Production of Glazes etc
GOLD Member
Jan-09-26

Premium Feldspar Powder For Ceramic Applications, Grade A

$60 - $80 / Metric Ton (CIF)
MOQ: 20  Metric Tonnes
Sample Available
Supplier From New Delhi, Delhi, India
 Inquire Now  
Premium Feldspar is a naturally occurring aluminosilicate mineral widely used as an important raw material and fluxing agent in ceramic, glass, sanitaryware, tile, and other industrial manufacturing processes. Available in potassium, sodium, and mixed feldspar grades, it helps reduce melting temperatures and promotes strong, smooth, durable finished products. Feldspar can be supplied in powder, granular, or other specified forms with controlled particle size and chemical composition. Carefully processed and screened material offers consistent performance and reliable results for manufacturers, wholesalers, distributors, and international buyers.

Key Specifications:

Product: Feldspar / Feldspar Powder
Mineral Type: Potassium / Sodium / Mixed Feldspar
Form: Powder / Granules
Color: White / Off-White / Pinkish, depending on origin
Main Components: Aluminosilicates
High Fluxing Capability
Low Iron Grades Available
Controlled Particle Size
Good Melting Characteristics
Chemical Composition: According to grade
Grade: Ceramic / Glass / Industrial
1975 Feldspar Suppliers
Short on time? Let Feldspar sellers contact you.
GOLD Member
Mar-04-23

Soda Feldspar Powder

$170
MOQ: 20  Tons (US)
Sample Available
Supplier From Mumbai, Maharastra, India
 Inquire Now  
Soda Feldspar is generally a clean white mineral which sources sodium, alumina, and silica along with some potassium and calcium. Albite mineral from which soda feldspar is derived is often tends to be white in appearance compared with the pinkish hue of orthoclase mineral from which potash feldspar is ground.
Feldspar is used as a flux in ceramic and glass industries. It also adds strength to the body. Feldspar is a rare occurrence of extremely pure mineral free from mica. The chief use of Feldspar is in the Ceramic and Glass Industries. In ceramic bodies, the main vitrifying (fluxing) agent is feldspar.
Application Industries:
Ceramics, Tiles and Sanitaryware
Glazes
Glass Industry
Bonding agent for abrasives, wheels, discs, and other shapes.
Dental ceramics.
Product Variants:
Granular Particles
Powder form (100-350 Mess BSS)
Lumps (Dressed ore in raw form)
Packing: The standard packing units are 50 kg HDPE Bags, 1000 Kg, and 1350 Kg jumbo bags. However, we can also make the packing units as per customer requirements.
GOLD Member
Mar-06-23

Potash Feldspar Grits

$160
MOQ: 20  Tons (US)
Sample Available
Supplier From Mumbai, Maharastra, India
 Inquire Now  
Potassium feldspar refers to a number of minerals in the feldspar group, and containing potassium: Orthoclase (endmember formula KAlSi3O8), an important tectosilicate mineral that forms igneous rock. Microcline, chemically the same as orthoclase, but with a different crystalline structure.

Feldspar is used as a flux in ceramic and glass industries. It also adds strength to the body. Feldspar is a rare occurrence of extremely pure mineral free from mica. The chief use of Feldspar is in the Ceramic and Glass Industries. In ceramic bodies, the main vitrifying (fluxing) agent is feldspar.

Application Industries:
Ceramics, Tiles and Sanitaryware
Glazes
Glass Industry
Bonding agent for abrasives, wheels, discs, and other shapes.
Dental ceramics.

Product Variants:
Granular Particles
Powder form (100-350 Mess BSS)
Lumps (Dressed ore in raw form)

Packing: The standard packing units are 50 kg HDPE Bags, 1000 Kg, and 1350 Kg jumbo bags. However, we can also make the packing units as per customer requirements.
GOLD Member
VERIFIED
May-20-22
Supplier From Chirawa, Rajasthan, India
 Inquire Now  
The feldspar mineral is by far the most plentiful mineral found beneath the earth. It is used in most of the daily usage products. Feldspars are classified into three types: feldspar, pegmatite, and feldspathic sand, and their alumina and alkali content make them ideal for industrial purposes

Feldspars and pegmatites are useful functional fillers in the paint and glue industries, as well as fluxing agents in ceramics and glass manufacture.
Feldsparâ??s physical properties include high potassium and low iron content. It has pH stability and has consistent hardness with a rating of 6 to 6.5 on the Mohs scale. It is majorly found and mined in the state of Rajasthan.
We at Aryan tiles develop Feldspar minerals with the specialized qualities to cater to the specific industries such as ceramics, glass, and paints to mention a few.
Feldspar is an excellent source of alumina leading to improvement in the end-product hardness, durability, and chemical corrosion resistance.
A feldspar is typically referred to as 'potash' if there is significantly more potassium than sodium
(typically there will be 2-5% Na2O).
It is also used as fluxing agent for flat and container glass, as well as insulation wools and also in the ceramic industry. Our Feldspar mineral is known for its low quantities of colored oxides, making them ideal for manufacturing white tiles and sanitary ware.
Further, Feldspar is also used in paints industry as it has great dispersibility, chemical inertness, pH stability, abrasion resistance and low viscosity.
White soda feldspar has high sodium content. It is a common raw ingredient used in glass, ceramics, and to some extent in paint, plastics, and rubber as a filler and extender. The alumina from feldspar improves the hardness, durability, and chemical corrosion resistance of glass. Feldspar's alkalis (calcium oxide, potassium oxide, and sodium oxide) operate as a flux in ceramics, reducing the melting temperature of a mixture.
We at Aryan Tiles have an enormous selection of both white potash and white soda feldspar minerals. We have a deep understanding of how our Feldspar minerals can be used in manufacturing our customersâ?? end-products and suit their particular industryâ??s needs. And, thus we have been able to supply to various industries and optimize our customersâ?? product manufacturing with our premium quality mineral
GOLD Member
VERIFIED
May-20-22
Supplier From Chirawa, Rajasthan, India
 Inquire Now  
The feldspar mineral is by far the most plentiful mineral found beneath the earth. It is used in most of the daily usage products. Feldspars are classified into three types: feldspar, pegmatite, and feldspathic sand, and their alumina and alkali content make them ideal for industrial purposes

Feldspars and pegmatites are useful functional fillers in the paint and glue industries, as well as fluxing agents in ceramics and glass manufacture.
Feldsparâ??s physical properties include high potassium and low iron content. It has pH stability and has consistent hardness with a rating of 6 to 6.5 on the Mohs scale. It is majorly found and mined in the state of Rajasthan.
We at Aryan tiles develop Feldspar minerals with the specialized qualities to cater to the specific industries such as ceramics, glass, and paints to mention a few.
Feldspar is an excellent source of alumina leading to improvement in the end-product hardness, durability, and chemical corrosion resistance.
A feldspar is typically referred to as 'potash' if there is significantly more potassium than sodium
(typically there will be 2-5% Na2O).
It is also used as fluxing agent for flat and container glass, as well as insulation wools and also in the ceramic industry. Our Feldspar mineral is known for its low quantities of colored oxides, making them ideal for manufacturing white tiles and sanitary ware.
Further, Feldspar is also used in paints industry as it has great dispersibility, chemical inertness, pH stability, abrasion resistance and low viscosity.
The white potash is a distinctive mineral with more potassium content. Our feldspar mineral is of high purity grade, free from impurities and naturally sourced. Our skilled personnel use technology advanced machines to extract the supplied feldspar under their close supervision. This feldspar is utilized in variety of industries, including building, mining, chemical, and others. It is also ideal for making porcelain and earthenware.
GOLD Member
Apr-24-25
Supplier From Beawar, Rajasthan, India
 Inquire Now  
Vegetables. packaging sheets, packaging material, grocery items, chemical items home appliances, electronic items, minerals industrial quartz feldspar,silica sand purposes, machineries, rain cover, food items, tarpaulin, polymers jewellery, raincoat

Vegetables. packaging sheets, packaging material, grocery items, chemical items home appliances, PLASTIC items, minerals industrial quartz feldspar,silica sand purposes rain cover, food items, tarpaulin, polymers raincoat

PLASTIC items, minerals quartz feldspar,silica sand purposes food items, tarpaulin
Mar-16-23

Feldspar

$50
MOQ: 20  Tons (UK)
Supplier From Bhuj, Gujarat, India
 Inquire Now  
We are manufacturer and exporter of potassium felspar and sodium feldspar.
We have lumps, power and grains.
VERIFIED
May-15-19

Soda Feldspar

$1 - $99
MOQ: 2000  Meters
Sample Available
Supplier From Dubai, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
 Inquire Now  
We offer a wide range of Soda Feldspar.
VERIFIED
Dec-02-22

Premium Grade Feldspar Powder

MOQ: 50  Metric Tonnes
Sample Available
Supplier From Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
 Inquire Now  
1. Premium Grade Sodium Feldspar Powder
-> 200 Mesh Size
-> 300 Mesh Size

2. Premium Grade Potassium Feldspar Powder
-> 200 Mesh Size
-> 300 Mesh Size
VERIFIED
Jan-10-21
Supplier From Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
 Inquire Now  
Product Description :
High quality purified Potash feldspar with K2O content of 9% (+/- 0.5%)

Price of product ( USD price or FOB price) :
85-95 USD per MT

Product origin :
Rajasthan (India)

Key Specifications/Special Features :
Potassium Oxide K2O 9.0% (+/- 0.5%)
Silica SiO2 69.0 % (+/- 1.0 %)
Sodium Oxide Na2O 3 % (+/- 0.5 %)
Iron Fe2O3 0.06% (+/- 0.05%)
Titanium Oxide TiO2 Negligible
Calcium Oxide CaO Negligible
Magnesium Oxide MgO Negligible
Loss on Ignition LoI 0.2 %
Mesh Size - 200 mesh, 300 mesh or as per customer requirement

Minimum Order Size and Packaging details :
"- Packaging 50kgs/1 Ton Jumbo Bags as per requirement of the customer
Minimum Order Quantity 20 feet container

HSN Code :
25291020
VERIFIED
Jan-10-21
Supplier From Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
 Inquire Now  
Product Description :
High quality purified Potash feldspar with K2O content of 10% (+/- 0.5%)

Price of product ( USD price or FOB price) :
95-105 USD per MT

Product origin :
Rajasthan (India)

Key Specifications/Special Features :
Potassium Oxide K2O 10.0% (+/- 0.5%)
Silica SiO2 67.0 % (+/- 1.0 %)
Sodium Oxide Na2O 2.5 % (+/- 0.5 %)
Iron Fe2O3 0.06% (+/- 0.05%)
Titanium Oxide TiO2 Negligible
Calcium Oxide CaO Negligible
Magnesium Oxide MgO Negligible
Loss on Ignition LoI 0.2 %
Mesh Size - 200 mesh, 300 mesh or as per customer requirement

Minimum Order Size and Packaging details :
Packaging 50kgs/1 Ton Jumbo Bags as per requirement of the customer
Minimum Order Quantity 20 feet container

HSN Code :
25291020
VERIFIED
Jan-10-21
Supplier From Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
 Inquire Now  
Product Description :
High quality purified Potash feldspar with K2O content of 11.5% (+/- 0.5%)

Price of product ( USD price or FOB price) :
110-120 USD per MT

Product origin :
Rajasthan (India)

Key Specifications/Special Features :
Potassium Oxide K2O 11.5% (+/- 0.5%)
Silica SiO2 65.0 % (+/- 1.0 %)
Sodium Oxide Na2O 2.0 % (+/- 0.5 %)
Iron Fe2O3 0.06% (+/- 0.05%)
Titanium Oxide TiO2 Negligible
Calcium Oxide CaO Negligible
Magnesium Oxide MgO Negligible
Loss on Ignition LoI 0.2 %
Mesh Size - 200 mesh, 300 mesh or as per customer requirement

Minimum Order Size and Packaging details :
"- Packaging 50kgs/1 Ton Jumbo Bags as per requirement of the customer
Minimum Order Quantity 20 feet container

HSN Code :
25291020
VERIFIED
Jan-10-21
Supplier From Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
 Inquire Now  
Product Description :
Purified Sodium feldspar with Na2O content of 8% (+/- 0.5%)

Price of product ( USD price or FOB price) :
Purified Sodium feldspar with Na2O content of 8% (+/- 0.5%)

Product origin :
80-90 USD per MT

Key Specifications/Special Features :
Sodium Oxide Na2O 8.0 % (+/- 0.5 %)
Silica SiO2 74.0 % (+/- 1.0 %)
Iron Fe2O3 0.06% (+/- 0.05%)
Potassium Oxide K2O 1.5% (+/- 0.5%)
Titanium Oxide TiO2 Negligible
Calcium Oxide CaO Negligible
Magnesium Oxide MgO Negligible
Loss on Ignition LoI 0.2 %
Mesh Size - 200 mesh, 300 mesh or as per customer requirement

Minimum Order Size and Packaging details :
Packaging 50kgs/1 Ton Jumbo Bags as per requirement of the customer
Minimum Order Quantity 20 feet container

HSN Code :
25291020
VERIFIED
Jan-10-21
Supplier From Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
 Inquire Now  
Product Description :
High quality purified Sodium feldspar with Na2O content of 10% (+/- 0.5%)

Price of product ( USD price or FOB price) :
100-110 USD per MT

Product origin :
Rajasthan (India)

Key Specifications/Special Features :
Sodium Oxide Na2O 10.0 % (+/- 0.5 %)
Silica SiO2 69.0 % (+/- 1.0 %)
Iron Fe2O3 0.06% (+/- 0.05%)
Potassium Oxide K2O 0.5% (+/- 0.5%)
Titanium Oxide TiO2 Negligible
Calcium Oxide CaO Negligible
Magnesium Oxide MgO Negligible
Loss on Ignition LoI 0.2 %
Mesh Size - 200 mesh, 300 mesh or as per customer requirement

Minimum Order Size and Packaging details :
Packaging 50kgs/1 Ton Jumbo Bags as per requirement of the customer
Minimum Order Quantity 20 feet container

HSN Code :
25291020
VERIFIED
Nov-12-19

First Quality Feldspar Powder

$105
MOQ: 20  Meters
Supplier From Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
 Inquire Now  
We are one of the oldest Indian exporters of First Quality Feldspar Powder, for use in ceramic manufacturing. We own and operate our own mines and factories, and export over 10000 tons per year to various ceramic companies across the world.
VERIFIED
Oct-26-23

Feldspar

$100
MOQ: 25  Metric Tonnes
Sample Available
Supplier From Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India
 Inquire Now  
Soda Feldspar And Potash Feldspar
1975 Feldspar Suppliers
Short on time? Let Feldspar sellers contact you.
See what buyers and suppliers are discussing in Feldspar import export community

Feldspar Sourcing Guide: Explore the Global Market For Reliable Suppliers And Exporters


Feldspar is an abundant rock-forming mineral that makes up about 60% of Earth's crust. It is one of the most widely used industrial minerals in the world, playing a key role in manufacturing industries such as ceramics, glass, construction, paints, plastics, and industrial fillers. Because of its versatility and consistent performance, feldspar remains a high-demand mineral across global markets. Feldspar manufacturers and suppliers today cater to a broad buyer base that includes ceramic producers, glass manufacturers, industrial processors, and mineral traders. Whether you want to buy feldspar in bulk for long-term production or source feldspar at the best resale price, working with reliable feldspar mineral manufacturers and suppliers helps ensure consistent quality, timely delivery, and a competitive feldspar price per ton.



What Are the Most Popular Feldspar Varieties in Global Demand?

One thing is clear: feldspar is not a single mineral. It is a group of aluminium silicate minerals that vary based on chemical composition and industrial use. You should know that most buyers usually select a specific feldspar type on the basis of alkali content, melting behaviour, iron level, whiteness, particle size, and application needs. Feldspar products suppliers offer these varieties in lump form, crushed material, and finely ground powder to meet different industry requirements. Here are the most commonly traded feldspar varieties in global markets.

Feldspars have two main types: Alkali Felspars and Plagioclase Feldspar.

Type / VarietyChemical DominanceCommon Trade NameKey UsesBuyer Notes (Direct & Practical)
OrthoclaseHigh K2OPotash FeldsparCeramics, tiles, glassPreferred for ceramic flux; check Fe2O3 =0.1%
MicroclineHigh K2OPotash FeldsparCeramics, fillersHigher stability; good whiteness for tiles
SanidineHigh K2OPotash FeldsparSpecialty glassHigher purity; limited large-scale supply
AlbiteHigh Na2OSoda FeldsparGlass, ceramicsLowers melting temp; common glass-grade
HyalophaneK2O + BaOBarium FeldsparSpecialty ceramicsNiche material; limited exporters
Amazonite (Microcline variety)K2ODecorative FeldsparStone, décorNot used for industrial bulk supply


Plagioclase Feldspar (Calcium–Sodium Series):

TypeChemical DominancePlagioclase RangeKey UsesBuyer Notes (Direct & Practical)
AlbiteNa2ONa-end memberGlass, ceramicsOften sold as soda feldspar
OligoclaseNa > CaLow-CaGlass blendsUsed in mixed feldspar batches
AndesineNa–CaMid-rangeCeramics, fillersVariable chemistry (verify specs)
LabradoriteCa > NaHigh-CaTiles, constructionHigher Fe; not for white ceramics
BytowniteVery high CaOCa-richLimited industrial useRare in export trade
AnorthiteCaOCa end-memberTechnical ceramicsSpecialty grade; contract-based supply
Celsian (often grouped separately)BaOBa-richAdvanced ceramicsVery limited, high-cost material


Buyers from the ceramics and tiles industry usually look for potash feldspar suppliers for consistent flux performance and high K2O content. On the other hand, buyers seeking calcium feldspar powder suppliers usually need stable CaO content and consistent firing behaviour. It is important to note that many feldspar wholesalers and suppliers also offer a wide range of products across the ores & minerals category. This allows buyers to consolidate sourcing, streamline procurement, and reduce logistics costs. 

As a result, buyers can work with these suppliers to expand their portfolio beyond feldspar into other key materials. These include major ores such as copper ore, nickel ore, antimony ore, manganese ore, lead ore, zinc ore, lithium ore, iron ore, tin ore, tungsten ore, sulphur ore, chrome ore, and zircon ore. In addition, suppliers often deal in industrial minerals and mineral powder products such as perlite, zeolite, barite, mica, bentonite, quartz, graphite, talc, slag, dolomite, gypsum, and asbestos.

Many suppliers also trade metals and metal powder, which can offer strong margins in specialized markets. Working with multi-product suppliers across other ores & minerals gives buyers better pricing leverage, supply flexibility, and long-term sourcing stability.



What Are the Best Business Opportunities for Feldspar Buyers?

Feldspar offers strong opportunities for not only new importers but also for established mineral traders. Its steady demand across multiple industries makes it a reliable commodity with predictable sales cycles. Ceramic and tile manufacturers create continuous demand for potash feldspar suppliers and high-purity grades. Glass manufacturers rely heavily on soda and calcium feldspar to improve melting efficiency and product clarity. Construction material producers use feldspar as a filler and performance enhancer in paints, adhesives, and coatings.

Working as regional feldspar retailers or feldspar dealers supplying small- and mid-sized factories is a profitable option. Businesses can import bulk material from feldspar exporters and resell it through feldspar distributors and wholesalers. Private labelling and processing opportunities also exist for feldspar traders who invest in grinding, washing, or blending services. Also, keep in mind that buying feldspar in bulk directly from feldspar manufacturers helps secure better margins and long-term supply stability.



Global Feldspar Trade Overview: Top Exporters and Key Market Trends

Feldspar exporters operate in both raw ore and processed powder segments, supplying domestic and international markets. But do you know which countries are the leading exporters? India leads the world in feldspar exports, followed by Turkey and China.


Top Feldspar Exporters Worldwide:

CountryTotal Shipments
India23,474
Turkey3,557
China1,728

Source: Volza

Apart from this, you should also know that raw feldspar usually costs less than refined or micronized grades. The overall feldspar price per ton depends on various factors such as grade, alkali content, particle size, and level of processing. Demand patterns of this commodity stay consistent throughout the year, especially from the ceramics and glass industries, making feldspar a low-risk sourcing product for global buyers. 



How to Find Verified Feldspar Suppliers Near Me Or Globally?

The process of finding reliable feldspar mineral suppliers requires careful attention to make the right sourcing decision.  You need to follow a structured sourcing approach. Here are some proven ways to connect with trusted feldspar manufacturers, suppliers, and exporters.

  • Attend international mining and mineral trade fairs such as Mining Indaba, PDAC Convention, India Mining Expo, and IMARC to meet suppliers in person
  • Search online using terms like 'wholesale mineral feldspar suppliers near me', 'potash feldspar suppliers and exporters', or 'bulk mineral feldspar at best price'
  • You can connect with feldspar distributors, retailers, and wholesalers through professional networking platforms like LinkedIn or import-export-focused Facebook groups
  • One of the most effective ways is to reach out to online B2B marketplaces like go4WorldBusiness, where you can easily connect with pre-vetted feldspar mineral manufacturers and suppliers


Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)


1. What is feldspar, and what are its uses?

Feldspar is a group of aluminium silicate minerals used in ceramics, glass, construction materials, paints, plastics, and fillers. It improves strength, durability, and melting behaviour.

2. What are the main types of feldspar traded globally?

The main types include potash feldspar, soda feldspar, calcium feldspar, albite, and orthoclase feldspar.

3. Which countries are the leading global exporters of feldspar?

India, Turkey, and China are among the top feldspar exporters worldwide.

4. What grades and specifications of feldspar are commonly traded in international markets?

We usually categorise the grades and specifications of feldspar traded internationally by their dominant alkali content (potash or soda), iron content, whiteness, moisture level, and particle size.

5. How do potassium feldspar (K-feldspar) and sodium feldspar differ?

Potassium feldspar offers better strength and whiteness in ceramics, while sodium feldspar lowers the melting temperature and improves glass clarity.

6. What packaging options are commonly used for feldspar in international shipments?

Feldspar is commonly packed in jumbo bags, 25 kg bags, or bulk containers, depending on buyer needs and order size.

7. How do buyers verify the quality and purity of feldspar from global suppliers?

Buyers verify quality through lab test reports, samples, chemical analysis, and third-party inspections.

8. What certifications or test reports are required when importing feldspar internationally?

When importing feldspar, you should look for key documents like chemical analysis reports, material safety data sheets, a certificate of origin, and a packing list.

9. How to find reliable feldspar mineral exporters?

You can find verified feldspar mineral exporters through reliable B2B platforms (like go4WorldBusiness), trade fairs, sourcing agents, and professional channels like LinkedIn.

10. What testing methods are used to analyze feldspar quality for export markets?

XRF analysis, particle size testing, whiteness index testing, and moisture analysis are commonly used to analyze feldspar quality.

11. Which countries are the largest feldspar producers?

Major feldspar producers are India, China, Iran, Thailand, South Korea, and Turkey.