Prized for its distinct flavour and aroma, and also for its medicinal qualities, cloves are the immature buds of the evergreen tree Syzygium aromaticum , also known as Eugenia caryophyllus of the Myrtaceae family. A fully grown clove tree is about 15-20 metres tall and has smooth grey bark. Ceylon Clove is notably richer in oil than the clove varieties produced elsewhere in the world.
HISTORY OF CLOVE TRADING AND CULTIVATION
Clove, one of the most prized and expensive spices from the ancient times, is native to the Maluku Islands or the Moluccas in the Indonesian Archipelago. Although the time and manner of introduction of cloves into Sri Lanka are not known, the general belief is that the Arabs or colonists brought the crop to the island as Sri Lanka was a major market for spices.
Elaborating on the medicinal value of clove oil, it must be noted that it is an important natural antibacterial drug. It is used in many �elds, including dentistry, pharmaceuticals, and aromatherapy. It is used as an analgesic, antiseptic, warming, disinfectant, and antibacterial because it inhibits the growth or kills most pathogens, such as E.scherichia coli, Mycobacterium phlei, Bacillus subtilis, Streptococcus aureus, Aspergillus niger, Penicillium chrysogenum. Clove oil is recommended for inhalation in the treatment of sore throat, colds, catarrh and in�ammation of the mucous membranes of the mouth. It also helps in the treatment of any breathing problems, general weakness and neuralgia.
Clove oil also has antioxidant effects, which renders it a convenient and accessible source of natural antioxidants in food supplements and pharmaceutical preparations. Clove oil has anticonvulsant effects as well, which were already known in Persian folk medicine. The cloves were there used as a cure for epilepsy as narrated by the Arab physician Avicenna who lived in the late tenth and eleventh century.
Owing to its potent medicinal effects, clove oil is an ingredient of many pharmaceutical preparations, ointments and painkillers. It is also a substrate for the production of dental analgesic preparations. In combination with zinc oxide, it is used to �ll cavities in teeth. In addition, clove oil is included in mouthwash and gum liquids, toothpaste, and preparations for disinfection of hands.
Clove oil boosts concentration and efï¬?ciency of thinking. In addition, it revitalizes, energizes, exhibits analgesic and serves as an â??aphrodisiacâ??. Itâ??s also a natural food preservative due to its antibacterial and antifungal effects.
