Compound cattle feed is a mixture of various concentrate feed ingredients in suitable proportion. Commonly used ingredients in compound cattle feed include grains, bran, protein meals/cakes, chunnies, agro-industrial by-products, minerals and vitamins. Compound cattle feed is an economical source of concentrate supplements and it could be in the form of mash, pellets, crumbles, cubes, etc. Compound cattle feed is palatable and good source of nutrients for growing, adult, dry, milk producing and pregnant animals.
Through regular use of compound cattle feed in prescribed quantity along with basal diet, cost of milk production from dairy animals can be optimised. Considering the increase in milk yield different varieties of compound cattle feed are produced. It also promotes use of different compound feeds such as, calf starter, calf growth meal, feed for high yielding animals, feed for low yielding animals, buffalo feed, feed for dry pregnant animals, etc.
Cattle feed can be fed directly or by mixing it with chaffed dry/green fodder. Cattle feed need not be cooked or pre-soaked before feeding. If compound feed is uniformly mixed with the forages and fed, results are better. As it contains desirable amount of minerals and vitamins along with other nutrients, its use helps improving reductive efficiency.
Adding a feed oil ingredient supplies the animal with essential fatty acids, needed for production and growth. The digestibility of the fatty acids however can vary between animal species and age groups. The effectiveness of including a fat or oil also depends on the total feed formulation.
Animal feed oil is a vegetable-based poultry feed energy supplement used in poultry feed formulation depending on the nutritional value of the other feed ingredients and the requirement of the animal. The fatty acid composition of fats and oils determines the nutritional and economical value in several ways. First of all, there is a need to supply the essential omega 3 and omega 6 fatty acids via the feed. This is in general limited to the polyunsaturated fatty acids linoleic and linolenic acid.
A minimum requirement for this is easily met by the addition of fat rich grains or grain by-products and lard or poultry fat in combination with plant oils like soybean oil. The ratio between unsaturated and saturated fatty acids in the complete animal feed oil influences the fat digestibility to a large extend. The degree of saturation of fatty acids strongly influences the melting temperature and therefore the ability to be emulsified in the gut lumen by bile acids
Rice bran is a major by-product from rice processing. It consists of the fibrous outer layer of the grain, some hull, chipped grain and calcium carbonate which is added during milling process. Raw rice bran contains 13-19% oil which is removed by solvent extraction process leading to production of de-oiled rice bran.
This contains crude protein ranging from 13-16% and TDN 55-65%. De-oiled rice bran is a good source of proteins, vitamins and minerals. In addition, it also contains better assortment of amino acids, particularly lysine and methionine, compared to other cereal grains, including maize and wheat. The phosphorus content is high (1.30%) in de-oiled rice bran and calcium content is comparatively low. Though, much of the phosphorus exists as phytate phosphorus, rumen microorganism can digest phytate phosphorus.
Generally, rice bran contains variable quantities of hulls, which are high in silica making them very abrasive and extremely low digestibility. Our de-oiled rice bran product is carefully processed to ensure it is safe to eat and improve digestibility without much complications. Our supplies are extremely rich and premium in quality which is ideal for making cattle and poultry feed. De-oiled rice bran is the key to wholesome development of farm animals.
Pure coconut oil cake is made using extracted oil from copra. These are processed through our solvent processes. The coconuts are dehusked, split in half, drained of coconut water; then the halves are exposed to the sun for about a week, until the copra contains 6-8% water. The main coconut by-product is the copra meal. Coconut oil cake is also sometimes called copra meal or coconut meal.
Depending on the oil extraction method, the oil residue in the marketed product ranges from 1% to 22%. The copra meal sometimes refers to the mechanically extracted and the solvent extracted product. Copra meal is a common feed ingredient, particularly for ruminants. Its crude protein content is 20-25% with relatively high quantities of cell wall constituents. The oil content makes it a valuable energy source. Perfect for animal and cattle feed, these have rich mineral content. It is also used to increase the weight of the fully grown animals. Copra meal is a valuable feed for ruminants and can be used as a protein supplement for grass-fed animals, either alone or in combination with other protein sources.
While theoretically inferior to other common oil meals due to its lower protein content, it is often a better feed resource than other products. It is as effective as cottonseed meal for growth performance despite having half of the protein content, suggesting that the protein quality of copra meal has a higher biological value than that of cottonseed meal.
Soybean meal is the most important protein source used to feed farm animals. Its feeding value is unsurpassed by any other plant protein source and it is the standard to which other protein sources are compared.
Soybean meal is the by-product of the extraction of soybean oil. Several processes exist, resulting in different products. Soybean meal is usually classified for marketing by its crude protein content. There are two main categories of soybean meal, the high-protein soybean meal with 47-49% protein and 3% crude fiber, obtained from dehulled seeds, and the conventional soybean meal, with 43-44% protein, that contain the hulls. In solvent-extracted soybean meals, the oil content is typically lower than 2% while it exceeds 3% in mechanically-extracted meals.
Soybean meal is heat-treated during production, to denature the trypsin inhibitors of soybeans, which would otherwise interfere with protein digestions. Soybean mean is used for animal feeds, principally as a protein supplement, but also as a source of metabolizable energy. For instance, for rapidly growing lambs on low-protein feeds, soybean meal can be an important supplement to ensure adequate protein intake, and partly because of its palatability, soybean meal is often recommended for use in starter rations when creep feeding lambs.
Rice polish is a by-product of rice obtained in the milling operation of brushing the grain to polish the kernel, after the hull and bran have been removed.
Rice polish can be used as a part of concentrates for dairy cattle, beef cattle and sheep. This is also the cheapest source of energy and protein for poultry feeding. The oil content of rice polish varies from 13-19%. The crude protein ranges from 13-16% and TDN from 70-90% depending on the oil content. Rice polish supplies as much TDN as maize. It is a good source of proteins, energy, vitamins and minerals for farm animals. It also contains better assortment of amino acids, particularly lysine and methionine, compared to other cereal grains, including maize and wheat.
The phosphorus content is high (1.30%) in rice polish and calcium content is low. Though much of the phosphorus exists as phytate phosphorus, rumen microorganism can digest phytate phosphorus. Rice polish contains factors which promote rancidity, especially under the warm humid climatic conditions that favour auto-oxidation. These include lipoxidases, which are enzymes that promote oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids. Rancid feeds are unpalatable and potentially toxic. Heat treatment may improve its utilization especially in non-ruminants by inactivating lipoxidases and trypsin inhibitors
Sesame is a tropical and subtropical plant cultivated for its seeds, which yield about 50% of a high-quality edible oil. Sesame oil meal, the by-product of sesame oil extraction, is used as a feed ingredient. Sesame seeds have outstanding amounts of oil and they have a high polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) content. Sesame oil contains about 47% oleic acid and 39% linoleic acid. It is rich in tocopherols and lignans (notably sesamin and sesamolin) that provide exceptional oxidative stability compared to other edible oils.
Several processes exist to extract sesame oil, depending on the end product required. The seed may be dehulled, cooked or roasted, and the oil extracted by mechanical pressure, resulting in a feed-grade, oil-rich sesame cake. Further extraction with solvent results in a feed-grade, low oil sesame flour. Sesame oil cake is the protein-rich by-product obtained after oil extraction.
Depending on the way oil has been extracted, sesame oil meal can be used as a feed for livestock, especially ruminants and poultry, from un-decorticated sesame seeds. It is a valuable source of protein for animals and unlike other oil meals, sesame oil meal is usually obtained by mechanical extraction only (rather by mechanical extraction followed by solvent extraction) and its residual oil content is high.
Mysoor dhal bran is made from dried, ground whole mysoor dhal. The lentils are cleaned, roasted and then ground into flour after removal of the testa or the seed-coat.
Masoor dhal is power-packed with nutrients and has immeasurable benefits. It is low in fat content and very high on protein. It can fulfill the nutritional and dietary requirements of your farm animals.
