Palm kernel shell (PKS) is actually the by-product from palm oil industry, before the era for palm kernel shell being used as biomass, the oil palm owner will bury the palm kernel shell underneath the land and let it becomes black color palm kernel compost. This is sort of organic fertilizer but because of the hard shell, it takes much longer time for converting totally to organic fertilizer. It is well known biomass product because of it small in size and high in heat energy or calorific value. Palm kernel is kernel from oil palm fruit. After the oil palm fruit gone through the palm oil process, the kernel will be separated and kernel oil will further be distilled and it also gained it status as a bio fuel resource for biomass product. It also classified as a renewable energy that complies with country energy regulation, such as Japan, Korea and Europe. Palm kernel shell also consider as the replacement for wood chip.
Gross Calorie Value : 3.600 Kcal , Moisture : 14-20% ( Maximum 20% due to rain ) , Impurities : < 3% ( Maximum 3%) , Ash Content : < 3% ( Maximum 5%) , Size : 4-20mm. , Sulfur : < 0.1% ( Maximum 1%) .
Palm kernel shell (PKS) is a by-product of the palm oil industry but is fast becoming an important source of feedstock for biomass energy generation. Although always traditionally used by palm oil mills as a source of energy, interest from power generators is growing.
We source all our PKS from CPO mills in Sumatra and Kalimantan we also source from Sulawesi
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Palm kernel shells (PKS) are frequently discarded as they are considered a byproduct of palm oil processing. However, there are numerous, applications for these shells.
Palm kernel shells contain many components beneficial for human use. Their composition includes elements such as ash content, moisture content, fixed carbon (often referred to potential activated carbon). They also possess other constituents valuable for human utilization.
Palm Kernel Shell (PKS) is a by-product of the palm oil industry, derived from the extraction of palm kernel oil. It is the hard, outer covering of the kernel seed, which remains after the fruit's fleshy part is processed for palm oil. PKS is widely used as a biofuel and in various industrial applications due to its high energy content and abundance.
Key Characteristics of Palm Kernel Shell:
1. Appearance: Palm kernel shells are small, hard, brownish-black pieces with an irregular shape. They range in size, usually between 5 mm to 40 mm, and have a rough texture.
2. Composition:
- High calorific value: PKS has a calorific value ranging from 4,000 to 4,600 kcal/kg, making it an excellent source of energy for industrial boilers and power generation.
- Low ash content: This makes it a cleaner-burning fuel compared to other biomass materials.
- **Moisture content**: It typically has a moisture content of around 15-20%, which affects its combustion efficiency.
3. Energy Source: PKS is a sustainable and renewable energy source, frequently used as biomass fuel in power plants, cement kilns, and for industrial heating processes. It can be used directly in furnaces or be processed into pellets for easier transportation and more efficient combustion.
4. Environmental Benefits:
- Renewable biomass: As a by-product of palm oil production, PKS is considered environmentally friendly and sustainable. Utilizing it as a fuel helps reduce reliance on fossil fuels.
- Low carbon footprint: Burning PKS for energy releases less carbon dioxide compared to coal or other fossil fuels, contributing to lower greenhouse gas emissions.
5. Industrial Uses:
- Fuel for power plants: PKS is burned to generate electricity or heat in biomass power plants, especially in countries where palm oil production is prominent (e.g., Malaysia and Indonesia).
- Carbonized shell: PKS can be carbonized to produce activated carbon, which is used in water purification, air filtration, and various industrial applications.
- Fertilizer and composting: In some cases, PKS is mixed into compost or used as a soil amendment in agricultural processes.
6. Economic Impact: Palm kernel shells are an abundant and low-cost material in palm oil-producing countries. They are often exported to countries with high energy demands or environmental regulations encouraging the use of renewable fuels.
In summary, Palm Kernel Shell is a valuable by-product in the palm oil industry, providing an eco-friendly and efficient alternative for energy generation and other industrial uses.
Palm kernel shells (PKS) are the shell fractions left after the nut has been removed after crushing in the Palm Oil mill. Kernel shells are a fibrous material and can be easily handled in bulk directly from the product line to the end use. We have capacity.
The following are some of the elements that make up the palm shell:
Moisture Content
Palm shells contain a moisture content (moisture in analysis) of 15-25% (As received) or 8-11% (Air Dried Basis). This high water content needs to be considered in its use as fuel or fertilizer. This is because water content that is too high can affect the efficiency of combustion and the quality of the fertilizer produced.
Minimal Ash Content
Palm shells also have minimal ash content, which is around 1-3%. This low ash content makes palm shells a cleaner and more environmentally friendly fuel. In addition, the low ash content also facilitates the processing of palm kernel shells into organic fertilizer
High Evaporation Rate Another content contained in the shell of the palm is a fairly high evaporation rate (volatile matter), which ranges from 68 â?? 70%. This content indicates that the palm shell is flammable and suitable for use as an alternative fuel. In its application as a fertilizer, high evaporation rates also help speed up the decomposition process and improve soil quality.
High Active Carbon Content
Palm shells also contain around 20-22% pure Activated Carbon (fixed carbon). This content makes palm shells suitable for use as an alternative fuel that is environmentally friendly, especially in industrial applications.
High Calorie Content
The calorie content contained in the palm shell is also quite high, which is more than 4,200 Kcal. This high calorie content makes palm shells a potential alternative fuel in replacing fossil energy sources.
The worldwide electrical energy crisis occurs due to the depletion of conventional energy sources and power plants still use fossil fuels as their main fuel.
The solution is to utilize alternative fuel sources that are environmentally friendly, efficient, inexpensive, effective and sustainable.
One alternative to sustainable energy is palm biomass. The biomass is palm shells.
The results of the laboratory analysis are as follows:
Ash content analysis 2 3%
moisture in analysis 7 8%
Fixed carbon 20 22 %
Volatile matter 69 70 %
Comparison of coal fuel with palm shells for factory boilers
The steam obtained comes from the change in the water phase in the boiler due to getting heat energy from the combustion of fuel. In this, we will compare the use of coal and palm shells as boiler fuel
Parameter
Parameters of coal and Palm Shell .
Moisture 5.83 4.30
Ash 5.40 2.63
Volatile matter 46.00 73.65
Fixed carbon 42.77 19.42
Calorific value 24,702 20,355
G Calorific vl 5,900 4,850
Carbon 60.65 29.32
Hydrogen 5.75 5.88
Nitrogen 0.48 0.30
Total Sulfur 0.38 0.13
Oxygen 27.34 61.74
Welcome to buy customzied palm shell crusher from jingerui, which is one of the best palm shell crusher, palm pelletizer, palm pulverizer machine, palm granulator manufacturers in china.
Introduction of palm shell kernel crusher china:
Palm shell crusher is a kind of crush equipment, the palm shell crusher can crush all kinds of biomass raw materials into pellets.The palm shell crusher absorbs double rollers differential speed flower knife structure, so the palm shell crusher solves the problems of easy winding and hard cutting for fibrous raw materials.
Raw materials of palm shell crusher china:
The raw materials of palm shell crusher can be palm, alfalfa, peanuthull, pine, coconut, bamboo shavings, forage, and so on.
Palm Shell Charcoal Carbon is Palm Oil Charcoal which is processed into charcoal and further processed to have a Fixed Carbon (FC) value ordered for metal materials.
The product price listed is the product price / tonne, the minimum purchase of the product is 1 ton .
1) High Quality Palm Kernel Shell Charcoal
specification :
v Fix carbon min 80.0%
v Moisture max 9.0%
v Calorie 6800 Kcal minimum
v Volatile matter 9% maximum
v Ash content 9% maximum
v Sulfur 0,1% maximum
v Size 2-10 mm
v Impurities 0,2%
v Packing Used Jumbo bag with pallets 600 kg ( by customer request )
2) Low Quality Palm Kernel Shell Charcoal and hard Wood charcoal for fertilizer
specification :
Fix carbon min 60.0%
Moisture max 15.0%
Calorie 5800 Kcal minimum
Volatile matter 35% maximum
Ash content 15% maximum
Sulfur 0,1% maximum
Size 2-10 mm
Impurities 0,2%
Packing Used Jumbo bag with pallets 600 kg ( by customer request )
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