Herbicides are substances used to control unwanted plants, commonly known as weeds. They play a crucial role in agriculture by preventing weeds from competing with crops for nutrients, water, and sunlight. There are two main types of herbicides:
â?¢ Selective herbicides: Target specific weed species while leaving crops unharmed.
â?¢ Non-selective herbicides: Kill all plants they come into contact with.
Historically, weed control involved manual methods like tilling and altering soil conditions. The first major breakthrough in chemical herbicides came during World War II with the development of 2,4-D, which allowed for selective weed control in cereal crops.
Modern herbicides are widely used in agriculture, forestry, and even urban landscaping to maintain clear spaces and prevent invasive plant species from spreading. However, their use must be carefully managed to avoid environmental damage and resistance in weeds.
Common Name Glyphosate
Chemical Name N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine
Molecular Formula C3H8NO5P
CAS NO 1071-83-6
EINECE NO 213-997-4
Application It is used to kill weeds, especially annual broadleaf weeds and grasses that compete with crops.
Paraquat is a non-selective herbicide. However, due to the lack of a specific antidote, the mortality rate after poisoning is high, the death process is long, and patients suffer greatly. There is a strong call for its ban in society. In order to safeguard people's lives and health safety and ensure the safe production and use of paraquat, the Ministry of Agriculture has successively taken relevant measures in recent years to strengthen the agricultural registration, production, sales and use management of paraquat products. Paraquat, with the chemical name 1-1-dimethyl-4-4-bipyridine cationic salt, is a fast-acting non-selective herbicide. It has contact killing effect and certain systemic effect, and can be quickly absorbed by the green tissues of plants, causing them to wither and die. It has no effect on non-green organizations.
It is a non-homogeneous triazine herbicide and a photosynthesis inhibitor. It is mainly used to control gramineous weeds (especially broomweed) and certain broadleaf weeds in cereal crops (such as wheat) and tomato fields, with a dosage of 0.55 to 1 kg of active ingredient per hectare. When applied before germination and after germination in autumn, it has an excellent control effect on the tail of the rat. Applied before tillering, it can control wild oats, chickweed, etc. The dosage is 0.75 to 1.5kg/hm2.
Selective systemic herbicide. Salts are readily absorbed by the roots, whilst esters are readily absorbed by the foliage. Translocation occurs, with accumulation principally at the meristematic regions of shoots and roots. Acts as a growth inhibitor.
Post-emergence control of annual and perennial broad-leaved weeds in cereals, maize, sorghum, grassland, established turf, grass seed crops, orchards (pome fruit and stone fruit), cranberries, asparagus, sugar cane, rice, forestry, and on non-crop land (including areas adjacent to water), at 0.28-2.3 kg/ha. Control of broad-leaved aquatic weeds. The isopropyl ester can also be used as a plant growth regulator to prevent premature fruit fall in citrus fruit.
Both TC and formulations are available for Glyphosate, Atrazine, Cyhalofop-butyl, Bispyribac Sodium, Prosulfocarb, Nicosulfuron, Dicamba, S-metolachlor, Mesosulfuron-methyl, Clodinafop-propargyl
Herbicides are chemicals used to control or kill unwanted plants, commonly known as weeds, that compete with desirable plants for resources such as water, sunlight, and nutrients. They are widely used in agriculture, landscaping, and gardening to manage weed growth and maintain healthy crops, lawns, and gardens.
Mode of action:
Systemic herbicide, rapidly taken up by the roots and foliage, translocates throughout the plant and rapidly convert to diketonitrile (dkn), which is an inhibitor of the enzyme p-hydroxy phenyl pyruvate dioxygenase (hppd).
Uses:
Control of more than 40 broadleaf and grass weeds. Applicable crops include maize, sugarcane, chickpeas, cotton, ornamentals, potatoes, sweet potatoes. Optimum activity is obtained when it is applied in moist conditions. Isoxaflutole applied pre-plant may provide 8-10 weeks residual action. Besides, a unique â??rechargeâ?? effect has been demonstrated in field trials that its activity against weeds can be re-induced following rainfall. Because of the unique mode of action, isoxaflutole can also play a role in the management of triazine resistant weed species.
Formulation types: isoxaflutole 98% tc, isoxaflutole 75% wg
Mode of action:
Broad-spectrum systemic herbicide, absorbed by foliage and translocated to growing points. Inhibits an enzyme involved in the synthesis of the aromatic amino acids tyrosine, tryptophan and phenylalanine.
Uses:
Over 150 crops for control of annual and perennial weeds, woody brush, and trees. Use directly in tree and plantation crops, post emergence over soybeans, and postharvest in fallow periods and non cropland. Control of annual and perennial grasses and broad-leaved weeds, pre-harvest, post-planting/pre-emergence and in stubble, in cereals, peas, beans, oilseed rape, flax and mustard, at c. 1.5-2 kg/ha; as a directed spray in vines and olives, at c.4.3 kg/ha; in orchards, pasture, forestry and industrial weed control, at c. 4.3 kg/ha. As an aquatic herbicide, at c. 2 kg/ha.
Mode of action:
Selective systemic herbicide, absorbed by the foliage and roots, with rapid translocation in xylem and phloem to the meristematic tissues.
Uses:
Selective post-emergence control in maize of annual grass weeds, broad-leaved weeds.
Mode of action:
Selective systemic herbicide, absorbed by the leaves and roots, with ready translocation throughout the plant via both the symplastic and apoplastic systems. Acts as an auxin-like growth regulator.
Uses:
Control of annual and perennial broad-leaved weeds and brush species in cereals, maize, sorghum, sugar cane, asparagus, perennial seed grasses, turf, pastures, rangeland, and non-crop land. Used in combinations with many other herbicides. Dosage varies with specific use and ranges from 0.1 to 0.4 kg/ha for crop use, higher rates in pasture.
Mode of action:
Systemic herbicide, rapidly absorbed and readily translocated from treated foliage to the root system and growing parts of the plant.
Uses :
Post-emergence control of annual and perennial grasses, in a wide range of broad-leaved crops (including such field crops as soya beans, cotton, flax, sunflowers, alfalfa, peanuts, oilseed rape, sugar beet, tobacco, and potatoes), vegetable crops, trees and vines. To be used with a non-phytotoxic crop oil concentrate.
Systemic herbicide used in the control of broadleaf weeds. Salts are readily absorbed bythe roots, whilst esters are readily absorbed by the foliage. Post-emergence control ofannual and perennial broad-leaved weeds in cereals, maize, rice, sorghum, sugarcane,grassland, established turf, grass seed crops, orchards (pome fruit and stone fruit),cranberries, asparagus, forestry, and on non-crop land (including areas adjacent towater).
Nanjing Essence Fine-Chemical Co., Ltd. is specializing in manufacturing and formulating pesticides including insecticides, herbicides, and fungicides. With over ten years achievement of R&D , we¡¯ve developed more than 600 pesticide recipes with various formulation forms such as TC, WP, WDG, WSG, SP, WS, SC, FS, SL, EC, EW, ME, DS, ULV.
Herbicide: Glyphosate
Nomenclature :
Glyphosate
Common name: glyphosate (BSI, E-ISO, (m) F-ISO, ANSI, WSSA, JMAF)
IUPAC name: N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine
Chemical Abstracts name: N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine
CAS RN: [1071-83-6]
Structure:
Physical chemistry :
glyphosate
Mol. wt. 169.1
M.f.:C3H8NO5P
M.p. 189.5-.5 ¡ãC
B.p. Decomp. >200 ¡ãC
V.p. 1.31¡Á10-2 mPa (25 ¡ãC)
KOW logP <-3.2 (pH 2-5, 20 ¡ãC), (OECD 107; EEC A8)
S.g./density 1.705 (20 ¡ãC)
Solubility In water 11.6 g/l (25 oC). Insoluble in common organic solvents, e.g. acetone, ethanol and xylene. The alkali-metal and amine salts are readily soluble in water.
Stability Glyphosate and all its salts are non-volatile, do not photochemically degrade and are stable in air. Glyphosate is stable to hydrolysis at pH 3, 6 and 9 (5-35 ¡ãC).
Applications :
Mode of action Non-selective systemic herbicide, absorbed by the foliage, with rapid translocation throughout the plant. Inactivated on contact with soil.
Uses Control of annual and perennial grasses and broad-leaved weeds, pre-harvest, post-planting/pre-emergence and in stubble, in cereals, peas, beans, oilseed rape, flax and mustard, at c. 1.5-2 kg/ha; as a directed spray in vines and olives, at c. 4.3 kg/ha; in orchards, pasture, forestry and industrial weed control, at c. 4.3 kg/ha. As an aquatic herbicide, at c. 2 kg/ha.
Formulation types SG; SL.
Compatibility Mixing with other herbicides may reduce the activity of glyphosate.
Selected tradenames: 'Rodeo' (isopropylammonium salt) (Monsanto); 'Roundup' (isopropylammonium salt) (Monsanto); 'Sting' (isopropylammonium salt) (Monsanto) etc
